Transforming Education in the 21st Century: the Role of Information and Communication Technology in Enhancing Digital Competence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54622/fahima.v5i1.600Keywords:
information and communication technology, digital competence, 21st century, education transformationAbstract
This study explores the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing digital competence as a critical element of educational transformation in the 21st century. Digital competence is examined through two main constructs such as Data Information and Knowledge (DIK), and Communication and Collaboration (CC). This research analyzes the impact of ICT on digital competencies, specifically DIK and CC, within the context of 21st century educational transformation. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing IBM SPSS Statistics 22 and AMOS software for optimal data analysis, including confirmatory factor analysis to accurately identify each variable. The study surveyed 100 respondents, comprising Doctoral and Master's program students from the Faculty of Education, through an online questionnaire. The findings indicate that (a) ICT has a significant positive effect on DIK and (b) ICT positively influences CC. The findings show that ICT use significantly affects the development of digital competence, underscoring the significance of incorporating technology into higher education courses to help learners who are prepared for the future. The implications for education highlight the crucial role of ICT in enhancing the quality of education. Continuous development of ICT is essential for improving the digital competencies of educators, which is vital for successfully navigating the educational transformation of the 21st century.
Downloads
References
‘Alam, G. F., Sobri, A. Y., & Sunandar, A. (2023). Higher Education Standard Policy with Effectiveness of Using E-Module Through Learning Management System. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Management and Technology (ICEMT 2022). https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-95-4_34
‘Alam, G. F., Supriyanto, A., & Sunandar, A. (2023). Academic Supervision: Analysis of Lecturer Professionalism Based on Digital Competence. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-168-5_24
‘Alam, G. F., Wiyono, B. B., Burhanuddin, & Muslihati. (2023). Integration of Digital Pedagogy for Teacher Internship Program through E-Training to Realize Smart Society. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-156-2_19
Al-Ansi, A. M., Jaboob, M., Garad, A., & Al-Ansi, A. (2023). Analyzing augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) recent development in education. In Social Sciences and Humanities Open (Vol. 8, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100532
Alvarez-Cedillo, J., Aguilar-Fernandez, M., Sandoval-Gomez, R., & Alvarez-Sanchez, T. (2019). Actions to be taken in mexico towards education 4.0 and society 5.0. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v8i4.20278
Bilan, Y., Oliinyk, O., Mishchuk, H., & Skare, M. (2023). Impact of information and communications technology on the development and use of knowledge. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122519
Burhanuddin, & Supriyanto. (2018). Pengembangan Konstruk Budaya Organisasi dan Pengukurannya dalam Kepemimpinan Sekolah. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Administrasi Pendidikan & Manajemen Pendidikan.
Büyükbaykal, C. I. (2015). Communication Technologies and Education in the Information Age. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.594
Caena, F., & Redecker, C. (2019). Aligning teacher competence frameworks to 21st century challenges: The case for the European Digital Competence Framework for Educators (Digcompedu). European Journal of Education, 54(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12345
Devi, S., & Aparna, M. (2020). Moodle-An Effective Learning Management System for 21 st Century Learners. Alochana Chakra Journal, 9(6).
Dickerson, J. E. (2022). Data, information, knowledge, wisdom, and understanding. In Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (Vol. 23, Issue 11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2022.08.012
Erstad, O., & Siddiq, F. (2022). Educational assessment of 21st century skills—novel initiatives, yet a lack of systemic transformation. In International Encyclopedia of Education: Fourth Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818630-5.09038-2
Falloon, G. (2020). From digital literacy to digital competence: the teacher digital competency (TDC) framework. Educational Technology Research and Development, 68(5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09767-4
Faraasyatul’Alam, G., Burhanuddin, & Supriyanto, A. (2021). Relation of good university governance with education management information system, excellent service, and student trust at the entrepreneur campus. Proceedings - 2021 7th International Conference on Education and Technology, ICET 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET53279.2021.9575063
Hafifah, G. N., & Sulistyo, G. H. (2020). Teachers’ ICT literacy and ICT integration in ELT in the Indonesian higher education setting. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.17718/TOJDE.762050
Inamorato dos Santos, A., Chinkes, E., Carvalho, M. A. G., Solórzano, C. M. V., & Marroni, L. S. (2023). The digital competence of academics in higher education: is the glass half empty or half full? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00376-0
Keengwe, J. (2023). Innovative digital practices and globalization in higher education. In Innovative Digital Practices and Globalization in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6339-0
Khan, B. H. (2015). Introduction to e-learning. In International Handbook of E-Learning Volume 1: Theoretical Perspectives and Research. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315760933-9
Kudasheva, T., Kunitsa, S., & Mukhamediyev, B. (2015). Effects of Access to Education and Information-communication Technology on Income Inequality In Kazakhstan. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.459
Llorente-Cejudo, C., Barragán-Sánchez, R., Puig-Gutiérrez, M., & Romero-Tena, R. (2023). Social inclusion as a perspective for the validation of the “DigCompEdu Check-In” questionnaire for teaching digital competence. Education and Information Technologies, 28(8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11273-4
Lomos, C., Luyten, J. W. (Hans., & Tieck, S. (2023). Implementing ICT in classroom practice: what else matters besides the ICT infrastructure? Large-Scale Assessments in Education, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00144-6
Mailizar, M., & Fan, L. (2020). Indonesian teachers’ knowledge of ICT and the use of ICT in secondary mathematics teaching. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/110352
Meneses, A., Nussbaum, M., Veas, M. G., & Arriagada, S. (2023). Practice-based 21st-century teacher education: Design principles for adaptive expertise. Teaching and Teacher Education, 128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104118
Muslihati Muslihati. (2020). Milenial Sebagai Penggerak Ekosistem Halal Value Chain di Indonesia | Muslihati | Study of Scientific and Behavioral Management (SSBM). In Study of Scientific and Behavioral Management (Vol. 1, Issue 2).
Pech, S. H. Q., Chi, G. I. C., & Cabrera, W. R. R. (2021). Development of digital competence in university teachers. Etic Net-Revista Cientifica Electronica De Educacion Y Comunicacion En La Sociedad Del Conocimiento, 21(1).
Peeraer, J., & Van Petegem, P. (2015). Integration or transformation? Looking in the future of Information and Communication Technology in education in Vietnam. Evaluation and Program Planning, 48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2014.09.005
Peña-Ayala, A. (2021). A learning design cooperative framework to instill 21st century education. Telematics and Informatics, 62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2021.101632
Redecker, C. (2017). European framework for the digital competence of educators: DigCompEdu. In Joint Research Centre (JRC) Science for Policy report. https://doi.org/10.2760/159770
Svensson, M., & Baelo, R. (2015). Teacher Students’ Perceptions of their Digital Competence. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.02.302
Talebian, S., Mohammadi, H. M., & Rezvanfar, A. (2014). Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Higher Education: Advantages, Disadvantages, Conveniences and Limitations of Applying E-learning to Agricultural Students in Iran. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.199
Tomte, C. (2022). Digital Competence in Teacher education. Learning & Teaching with Media & Technology - ATEE-SIREM Winter Conference Proceedings.
Tømte, C., Enochsson, A. B., Buskqvist, U., & Kårstein, A. (2015). Educating online student teachers to master professional digital competence: The TPACK-framework goes online. Computers and Education, 84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.01.005
Wiyono, B. B., Burhanuddin, & Maisyaroh. (2020). Comparative effect of the supervision of the principal and quality of organizational management in school education. Utopia y Praxis Latinoamericana, 25(Extra10). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4155681
Wiyono, B. B., Rasyad, A., & Maisyaroh. (2021). The Effect of Collaborative Supervision Approaches and Collegial Supervision Techniques on Teacher Intensity Using Performance-Based Learning. SAGE Open, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211013779
Zelenay, J., Balco, P., & Greguš, M. (2019). Cloud technologies - Solution for secure communication and collaboration. Procedia Computer Science, 151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.04.076
Zhu, Z., Sun, Y., & Riezebos, P. (2016). Introducing the smart education framework: core elements for successful learning in a digital world. International Journal of Smart Technology and Learning, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsmarttl.2016.078159
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ghasa Faraasyatul 'Alam, Nurul Faizah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially
